| Source | Your own blood, processed to concentrate platelets and the growth factors they release. [5] | Your own bone marrow, commonly collected from the pelvis and processed into a concentrate containing cells and signaling proteins. [5] | A broad category that may include placental, amniotic, or umbilical tissue products. |
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| What is involved? | Blood collection, PRP preparation and a targeted injection. The care plan can include rehabilitation and follow-up focused on comfort and movement. | Marrow collection, usually with local anesthesia, followed by preparation and targeted injection. Aftercare addresses both the collection site and treated area. | Preparation and administration vary by the specific product. |
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| Published clinical benefits | Knee osteoarthritis: An 18-trial meta-analysis reported clinically meaningful pain relief at 3 and 6 months and functional improvement through 12 months versus placebo. [1]
A separate cohort reported 12-month response rates of 75.2% for KL grade 2 and 66.5% for grade 3 after three leukocyte-poor PRP injections. [2] | Knee osteoarthritis: A randomized trial reported pain and functional improvements from baseline sustained through 24 months, with outcomes comparable to PRP. [3]
Another randomized trial found sustained improvements through 24 months, with more durable pain benefits in mild osteoarthritis compared with hyaluronic acid. [4] | Evidence cannot be generalized across products. Ask for studies on the exact product and use. |
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| Safety and aftercare | Discuss temporary soreness, injection precautions, expected response and the follow-up plan with your clinician. | Discuss comfort measures, precautions for marrow collection and injection, and the individualized recovery plan. | Infection, immune reactions, processing, donor screening, and product-specific risks. |
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| Regulatory questions | Device clearance does not establish that PRP treats a particular condition effectively. | Using your own cells does not automatically exempt the procedure from FDA oversight. | FDA registration is not product approval; ask for the applicable status and authorized use. |
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